Аннотация
Актуальность. Трихомониаз – одна из наиболее распространенных инфекций, передаваемых половым путем, во всем мире. Данная инфекция не подлежит регистрации в странах мира, за исключением России, поэтому учет случаев заражения трихомониазом и распространенности заболевания в странах мира на национальном и глобальном уровнях отсутствуют.
Цель – проанализировать публикации (база данных Pubmed, 1947–2024 г. г. с акцентом на два последних десятилетия, 2004– 2024 гг.), касающиеся распространенности трихомониаза в странах мира и факторов риска, способствующих его распространению.
Материалы и методы. По ключевым словам, Trichomonas vaginalis. Prevalence, в базе данных Pub Med проанализировано общее число публикаций, посвященных трихомониазу в период с 1947 по 2024 гг., а также содержание ряда (67) релевантных публикаций, в которых речь идет о трихомониазе, особенностях эпидемиологии инфекции с акцентом на два последних десятилетия.
Результаты. Проведенный анализ показал, что интерес исследователей к трихомониазу на протяжении более семи десятилетий имеет постоянную тенденцию к увеличению, о чем говорит рост в 40–50 раз числа публикаций, посвященных данному заболеванию, с 1947 к 2021–2024 годам. Общее число публикаций на указанную тему за отмеченный период времени составило 1988. В статье приводятся данные о распространенности трихомониаза в странах мира, в том числе среди женщин и мужчин. Отмечается, что распространенность инфекции во многом зависит от географического положения регионов и наличия факторов риска инфицирования, включающих принадлежность к африканской расе, женский пол, промискуитет, низкий уровень образования и социально-экономический статус.
Заключение. Инфицирование T. vaginalis является индикатором сексуального поведения с высоким риском, в связи с чем исследование на наличие T. vaginalis может быть рекомендовано к включению в рутинный гинекологический скрининг, особенно у беременных женщин.
Annotation
Relevance. Trichomoniasis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. This infection is not subject to registration in countries of the world, with the exception of Russia, therefore, there are no records of cases of trichomoniasis infection and the prevalence of the disease in countries of the world at the national and global levels.
Objective: to analyze publications (Pubmed database, 1947–2024 with an emphasis on the last two decades, 2004–2024) concerning the prevalence of trichomoniasis in countries of the world and risk factors contributing to its spread.
Materials and methods. Using the keywords, Trichomonas vaginalis. Prevalence, the total number of publications devoted to trichomoniasis in the period from 1947 to 2024, as well as the content of a number (67) of relevant publications dealing with trichomoniasis, features of the epidemiology of the infection with an emphasis on the last two decades, were analyzed in the Pub Med database. The conducted analysis showed that the interest of researchers in trichomoniasis has had a constant upward trend for more than seven decades, as evidenced by a 40-50-fold increase in the number of publications devoted to this disease from 1947 to 2021-2024. The total number of publications on this topic for the noted period of time was 1988. The article provides data on the prevalence of trichomoniasis in countries of the world, including among women and men. It is noted that the prevalence of the infection largely depends on the geographical location of the regions and the presence of risk factors for infection, including belonging to the African race, female gender, promiscuity, low level of education and socioeconomic status.
Conclusion. Infection with T. vaginalis is an indicator of high-risk sexual behavior, and therefore testing for the presence of T. vaginalis can be recommended for inclusion in routine gynecological screening, especially in pregnant women.
Key words; Trichomoniasis; T. vaginalis; epidemiology
Список литературы
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